Labarai

Matsayin ci gaba na ƙarfafan gine -gine

A halin yanzu, simintin da aka ƙarfafa shi ne mafi girman tsarin tsarin da ake amfani da shi a China, wanda ke lissafin mafi yawan adadin. A lokaci guda kuma, shi ma yanki ne da aka fi ƙarfafa tsarin kankare a duniya. Fitowar babban siminti na albarkatun ƙasa ya kai tan biliyan 1.882 a shekarar 2010, wanda ya kai kusan kashi 70% na jimlar abin da duniya ke fitarwa.

Ka'idar aiki na ƙarfafa kankare

Dalilin da ya sa ƙarfafan ƙarfe na iya yin aiki tare an ƙaddara shi da kaddarorin kayansa. Da fari, sandunan ƙarfe da kankare suna da kusan adadin coefficient na fadada zafi, kuma rarrabuwa tsakanin sandunan ƙarfe da kankare kaɗan ne a daidai zafin jiki. Abu na biyu, lokacin da kankare ya taurare, akwai kyakkyawar alaƙa tsakanin siminti da farfajiyar ƙarfafawa, ta yadda za a iya canja kowane danniya yadda ya kamata a tsakaninsu; Gabaɗaya, farfajiyar ƙarfafawa kuma ana sarrafa ta cikin ƙagaggun haƙoran haƙora (wanda ake kira rebar) don ƙara haɓaka alaƙa tsakanin kankare da ƙarfafawa; Lokacin da wannan har yanzu bai isa ba don canza tashin hankali tsakanin ƙarfafawa da kankare, ƙarshen ƙarfafawa yawanci yana lanƙwasa digiri 180. Na uku, abubuwan alkaline a cikin siminti, kamar alli hydroxide, potassium hydroxide da sodium hydroxide, suna ba da yanayin alkaline, wanda ke samar da fim mai kariya a saman ƙarfafawa, don haka yana da wahala a lalata fiye da ƙarfafawa a cikin tsaka tsaki da yanayin acidic. Gabaɗaya, yanayin da ke da ƙimar pH sama da 11 na iya kare ƙarfafawa daga lalata; Lokacin da aka fallasa shi a cikin iska, ƙimar pH na ƙarfe mai ƙarfafawa yana raguwa a hankali saboda acidification na carbon dioxide. Lokacin da ƙasa da 10, ƙarfafawa zai lalace. Don haka, ya zama dole a tabbatar da kaurin murfin kariya yayin aikin aikin.

Musammantawa da nau'in ƙarfafawar da aka zaɓa

Abubuwan da aka ƙarfafa a cikin ƙarfafawa mai ƙarfi yawanci ƙananan, daga 1% (galibi a cikin katako da katako) zuwa 6% (galibi a cikin ginshiƙai). Sashe na ƙarfafawa madauwari ne. Ƙarfin ƙarfafawa a Amurka yana ƙaruwa daga 0.25 zuwa 1 inch, yana ƙaruwa da 1 /8 inch a kowane aji; A Turai, daga 8 zuwa 30 mm, yana ƙaruwa da 2 mm a kowane mataki; An raba babban yankin kasar Sin zuwa sassa 19 daga milimita 3 zuwa 40. A cikin Amurka, gwargwadon abubuwan da ke cikin carbon a ƙarfafawa, an raba shi zuwa karfe 40 da ƙarfe 60. Ƙarshen yana da babban abun cikin carbon, ƙarfi mafi girma da taurin kai, amma yana da wuya a tanƙwara. A cikin yanayi mai lalata, ana kuma amfani da sandunan ƙarfe da aka yi da electroplating, resin epoxy da bakin karfe.